| Crew: 5 | CDR - Steven R. Nagel |
| Plt - Kenneth D. Cameron | |
| MS 1 - Linda M. Godwin | |
| MS 2 - Jerry L. Ross (EV 1) | |
| MS 3 - Jay Apt (EV 2) | |
| Launch | 5 April 1991 @ 0922:45.0438 EST |
| Orbital incl: | 28.47 |
| Max alt: | 460.3 km. |
| Orbits: | 92 |
| Dur: | 5:23:32:34 |
| Landing: | 11 April 1991 @ 0655:29 PDT |
| Launch Window: | 4 hours, 38 minutes (9:18 am - 1:56 pm EST) - Window limited by "crew on back" - 2 hours, 30 minutes |
| TAL Sites: | Ben Guerir (Banjul after T+5 minutes) |
| AOA site: | Edwards AFB |
| Primary landing site: | Edwards AFB, scheduled at 7:29 am PDT 10 April |
| Landing Speed: | 167 knots (192 mph) |
| Landing rollout: | 6,346' from main gear touchdown |
| Vehicle weight @ liftoff: | 4,519,158 lbs |
| Orbiter weight @ liftoff: | 218,250 lbs |
| Orbiter weight @ landing: | 191,050 lbs |
| Cargo mass approx.: | 36,721 lbs |
| Landing Weight: | 2,279 lbs |
| Special mission kits: | EMU's, Galley, teleprinter, RMS-303, new GPC's (IBM AP-101S, a spare unit) and PDAP recorders |
| GRO (Gamma Ray Observatory) - later, Compton Observatory, 1991-027B | Deployed mass - 34,643 lbs. Four exp. - BATSE, OSSE, COMPTEL, and EGRET |
| EVA Development Flight Experiments (EDFE) | 1) Crew and Equipment Translation Aid (CETA), 2) Crew Loads Instrumentd Pallet (CLIP), and 3) EVA Translation Evaluation (ETE) |
| Ascent Particle Monitor (APM) | See STS-31R |
| EVA-1 - 7 April (to free GRO High Gain atenna) | Duration - 3 hours, 30 minutes |
| EVA-2 - 8 April (EDFE EVA) | Duration - 5 hours, 55 minutes |
| Mid-deck | Bioserve ITA Materials Dispersion Apparatus (BIMDA), PCG Block II, Shuttle Amateur Radio Exp. (SAREX-II - Call signs: Nagel N5RAW, Cameron KB5AWP, Godwin N5RAX, Apt N5QWL and Ross N5SWC), Radiation Monitoring Equipment (RME-III), Air Force Maui Optical System Calibration (AMOS), Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator Element (SHARE-II) |
| SSME's: | 2019 (1) - 8th use, 2031 (2) - 5th use, 2107 (3) - 9th use. At Tower Clear 104% |
| OMS Pods/Engines: | LP-01/106 - Both 14th use & RP-01/111 - Pod 14th use, Motor 9th use |
| ET: | ET-37 (LWT-30) |
| SRB's: | BI-042 (RSRM-14) - Set successfully recovered. |
| Left - 42A | Right - 42B | |||
| 27 | ? | Fwd | ? | TEM2 |
| PVM1 | ? | Cyl | ? | TEM1 |
| 27 | ? | Cyl | ? | New |
| 30 | ? | Cyl | ? | Q-6 |
| 30 | ? | Cyl | ? | 5 |
| 30 | ? | Cyl | ? | TEM1 |
| New | ? | Cyl | ? | 5 |
| TEM4 | ? | Att | ? | 4 |
| New | ? | Stf | ? | New |
| New | ? | Stf | ? | New |
| 30 | ? | Aft | ? | TEM4 |
| 20 February 1990 | ET-37 for STS-37 arrives on dock KSC |
| 20 November 1990 | OV-104 delivered to OPF-2 following STS-38/Mission 37 |
| 4 February 1991 | ET/SRB mate |
| 8 March 1991 | OV-104 transferred from OPF-2 to VAB High Bay 2 |
| 9 March 1991 | OV-104 mated to stack |
| 14 March 1991 | Stack rollout to Pad 39B |
| 17 March 1991 | GRO payload installed in Atlantis cargo bay at Pad 39B |
| 18 March 1991 | ET propellant load test (i.e. leak check) |
| 20 March 1991 | ECDT countdown dress rehearsal conducted with crew aboard orbiter |
| 2 April 1991 | "Call to stations" 43 hr countdown started at 5:30 am EST & astronaut arrival at KSC |
| 5 April 1991 | Launch |
| 11 April 1991 | Landing at EAFB |
| 16 April 1991 | First hop of ferry flight from EAFB to Kelly AFB to Columbus AFB, MS, for overnight stop |
| 17 April 1991 | 2nd leg from Columbus AFB to McDill AFB, Tampa, FL, for an overnight stop due to adverse weather |
| 18 April 1991 | OV-104 arrives at KSC from McDill AFB and is towed to OPF-2 the next morning |